Duties of a doctor: job descriptions, rights

The main goal of professional medical activity is to save a person's life and improve its quality by providing immediate medical care.

The duties of the doctor include the constant maintenance of their professional skills at the highest level. When making professional decisions, he should first of all think about the good for patients, and not about his own material interest.

What duties should be performed by a doctor

Regardless of what specialization the doctor belongs to, he should at the head of everything put respect and compassion for the human dignity of the patient, while being responsible for all aspects of medical care. This specialty obliges him to be honest and open with patients and colleagues. He has no right to cover his colleagues if they cheat on their patients.

The general duties of doctors in relation to the patient include:

• Use of all his professional potential in order to preserve the patient’s life and health. In cases where the treatment and the necessary examination exceeds the level of capabilities and knowledge of the doctor, his task is to redirect the patient to his more competent colleagues.
• In case of death of the patient, the doctor is not relieved of the obligation to maintain medical confidentiality.
• The provision of emergency medical care is one of the main conditions for professional activity.

It is the responsibility of the doctor to be constantly prepared to provide medical care to any person, regardless of age, gender, social status, national and racial affiliation, political and religious beliefs of the patient, or other non-medical factors.

A real doctor should strive to promote the protection of health and life of the population by all legal means available, to carry out educational activities related to medicine, ecology, hygiene and communication culture.

The main condition for medical activity is the presence of professional competence. The doctor must constantly improve his knowledge, because he is responsible for the quality of medical care provided.

As you know, a doctor has the right to make independent medical decisions, on which a person’s life sometimes depends. Only the presence of professional competence, along with a clear moral position, which assumes the highest demands on oneself, gives the doctor the right to do so.

The duties of the doctor suggest the inadmissibility of causing both intentional and accidental harm to the patient, as well as causing him material, physical or moral damage.

People of this specialty must be able to clearly compare the potential benefits and possible complications of an intervention, especially in cases where treatment and examination are associated with pain, coercive measures, and painful factors for the patient.

What is a doctor entitled to?

The code of ethics of Russian doctors is guided by the Hippocratic oath, the principle of mercy and humanism, as well as the documentation of the ethical World Medical Association and the legislation of the Russian Federation. Here, the rights and obligations of the doctor as a person who plays the most important role in the health care system as a whole are fixed.

It is documented that the doctor has every right to refuse to work with the patient, transferring it to another specialist in the following cases:

• If he does not feel competent enough in a particular case, and also does not have the technical capabilities that are necessary to provide medical care in the proper form.
• If a particular given type of medical care in any way contradicts its moral principles.
• If he fails to establish contact with the patient for therapeutic cooperation.

In no case is the doctor allowed to abuse his position and knowledge.

The doctor has no rights to:

• The use of their knowledge and capabilities for inhumane purposes.
• The use of medical measures or refusal of them without good reason.
• The use of methods of medical influence on a patient with inhuman goals: his punishment, in the interests of a third party, etc.
• Imposing the patient his philosophical, religious and political views.
• Personal prejudices or other motives of a nonprofessional nature held by a doctor should not in any way influence treatment and diagnosis.

Chief physician, what is he doing?

This profession is supposed first and foremost a huge responsibility. The duty of the chief physician of a medical institution is to possess not only a high level of qualification, but also the ability to quickly, clearly make the right decisions, regardless of the magnitude of the issue.

Of course, he must have good medical experience, but in addition to this, he needs to understand the legal, economic, accounting structures. The chief doctor manages the entire hospital, he submits: the main nurse, the heads of structural divisions, the planning and economic service, the heads of the household, etc.

Instructions: general provisions of the chief doctor

The founder or the head of the public health department (in the case of budget medicine) has the right to appoint and dismiss from the post.

The duties of the head physician include control of the order in all available areas of the hospital: epidemiology, sports rehabilitation, culture, medical work and more.

A position may be held by a person who has:

• higher medical education;
• a certificate that confirms the fact of studying knowledge in the fields of management and organization of healthcare;
• certificate of residency, internship;
• at least 5 years of work experience with executives.

When a manager has a need to temporarily leave his workplace (vacation, training, etc.), he is obliged to appoint one of the managers performing his duties for this time.

The standard job description states that the head physician must own:

• all information that is set forth in orders, decrees, regulatory documents related to the work of the institution;
• knowledge necessary for proper management and organization of the hospital;
• the latest information on promising social, economic and technical directions of development of a medical institution;
• effective hospital management practices;
• the rules that must be followed in the execution and conclusion of contracts of medical, economic, economic and other purposes;
• knowledge that governs the life and repair of medical equipment;
• staffing information;
• the procedure for the implementation and implementation of sanitary-hygienic measures;
• information on the duties of employees who are subordinate to him;
• regulatory framework that describes the procedure for the preparation of medical documentation;
• the main principles of medical care, etc.

Instructions: general provisions of the general practitioner

In medicine, the profession of therapist is quite in demand. He is engaged in the initial intake of patients and, accordingly, prescribes treatment. It is also the responsibility of the general practitioner to redirect the patient, if necessary, to a narrower specialist. A person visits this doctor in cases where he does not know who exactly he needs to contact with his problem. A general practitioner (district) can be a person with a higher professional medical education, and he must also have documents that confirm the assignment of a doctor's title to the corresponding specialty. His appointment and removal from office takes place by order of the head physician of the medical institution.

What should he know?

1. Concepts of health legislation, as well as documentation that defines the activities of institutions and bodies and health.
2. General issues relating to organizational measures of therapeutic care, the work of medical institutions, the organization of emergency medical assistance to the population.
3. Organizational moments in the work of the clinic, day hospital.
4. Questions regarding normal as well as pathological anatomy, physiology, processes of interconnection of the functional systems of the body.
5. The basics of water-electrolyte metabolism, acid-base balance of the body, as well as all possible types of disorders and principles of treatment of pathologies in this area.
6. The work of the hemostatic and hematopoietic system, physiology, pathophysiology, the blood coagulation system, and the norms of homeostasis.
7. Basic concepts of immunology and reactivity of the human body.
8. Pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of therapeutic diseases, measures for their prevention, their treatment and diagnosis. In addition, the doctor must recognize clinical symptoms in borderline conditions, diseases in a therapeutic clinic.
9. Pharmacotherapy of internal diseases, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, as well as possible complications from drugs and methods for their correction.
10. Non-drug therapy measures: physiotherapy, physiotherapy exercises and medical supervision.
11. The main points regarding good nutrition, the principles of diet therapy.
12. Measures of antiepidemic nature.
13. Dispensary observation of both sick and healthy citizens.
14. Methods and forms of work of a sanitary-educational nature.
15. Social and demographic characteristics of your site.
16. Ways to interact with specialist doctors, institutions, various services, insurance companies, associations of doctors, etc.
17. The internal labor schedule of a medical institution.
18. Norms and rules of safety measures, labor protection, fire protection, industrial sanitation.

The duties of the local doctor

First of all, he must be trained to conduct professional independent activity. The duties of the doctors of the clinic include the following functions: advisory, organizational, medical, diagnostic and preventive. His task is to be able to combine practical skills with deep theoretical training in his activity.

A doctor in this specialty must be responsible for his business, show exactingness to himself and his subordinates, and continuously improve his professional competence. In his work, he needs to use medical diagnostic and electronic computing technology, to navigate in modern scientific and technological processes.

The duties of the local doctor include:

1. The use of objective methods in examining a patient, identifying common and specific signs of the disease.
2. Assessment of the severity of the patient's condition, taking measures that are necessary to remove him from this condition. He must determine the sequence and scope of resuscitation measures, provide urgent necessary assistance.
3. Determine the need for specialized research methods (radiological, laboratory and functional).
4. Determine the evidence and identify the need for hospitalization, as well as organize it.
5. Conducting differential diagnosis, substantiating the clinical diagnosis, developing a plan and tactics for the management of the patient.
6. Appointment of necessary medicines and other therapeutic measures.
7. Contributing to the organization of necessary patient consultations by narrower specialists.
8. Determination of patient disability.
9. Implementation of measures for the rehabilitation of the patient.
10. Work with early identified infectious diseases, their diagnosis, the implementation of the necessary anti-epidemic measures.
11. Organize preventive vaccinations for the population of the site.
12. Organization and implementation of a set of measures for the medical examination of the population of the site.
13. Carrying out preventive examinations.
14. Conducting sanitary-educational work of the population of the site, the implementation of measures to combat bad habits.
15. Preparation of medical documentation provided for by the legislation on health care, as well as timely preparation of a report on the work done.

The duties of a general practitioner also include establishing a diagnosis and providing emergency care in the following conditions:

• with bronchial asthma, asthmatic status;
• hypoxic coma, acute respiratory failure, pulmonary thromboembolism;
• pneumothorax;
• acute cardiovascular failure, fainting, cardiac asthma, pulmonary edema;
• shock (toxic, traumatic, hemorrhagic, anaphylactic, cardiogenic);
• hypertensive crisis and acute cerebrovascular accident;
• heart rhythm disturbance;
• acute allergic conditions;
• acute renal failure, renal colic;
• liver failure;
• coma (diabetic, hypoglycemic, hepatic, hyperosmolar);
• burns, frostbite, electric shock, heat and sunstroke, lightning, drowning. Sudden death;
• cardiac conduction disorders and Morgagni-Adems-Stokes syndrome.

The duties of the doctor include the ability to establish a diagnosis, as well as the necessary treatment and preventive measures for various diseases of the cardiovascular system, respiratory, digestive, urinary, hematopoietic, endocrine, rheumatic diseases, infectious diseases, occupational diseases, acute surgical diseases.

Instructions: general provisions and responsibilities of the dentist

This profession covers a fairly wide range of activities: prevention, treatment, various kinds of surgical interventions, occlusion correction, prosthetics and much more. Modern dentistry is a high-tech science that continuously improves various methods of prevention and treatment of diseases of the oral cavity. The duties of a dentist include:

• examination of patients to identify the diagnosis;
• primary, repeated examinations;
• if necessary, directing a person to laboratory, instrumental studies;
• referring patients to other doctors for consultation;
• conducting a survey on health status in general;
• detection of facial, dentofacial deformities, anomalies, as well as prerequisites for their development in a patient;
• assessment of risk factors for cancer pathology.

Instructions: general provisions of the veterinarian

The main goal of his professional activity is to protect the health and life of animals. It is the duty of the veterinarian to obstruct by any legal means the manifestation of any form of ill-treatment of animals, as well as:

• Veterinary measures to prevent animal diseases.
• Compliance with the implementation of veterinary and zoohygienic rules for keeping, feeding, caring for animals.
• Inspection of animals and diagnosis of their injuries and diseases.
• Investigation of the possible causes, the process of animal diseases and the development of methods for their treatment and prevention.

The doctor’s responsibilities also include surgical and therapeutic treatment of animals, veterinary and sanitary examination of poultry and livestock. Its task is to conduct consultations on issues related to the treatment, feeding and keeping of animals, as well as to monitor mandatory treatment and preventive measures.

Conclusion

The doctor, taking advantage of his position, does not have the right to conclude property transactions with the patient, use his labor for personal purposes, have sexual intercourse with him, engage in bribery and extortion, taking advantage of the patient's insolvency.

The rights and obligations of a doctor suggest that he should be free and have professional independence.