Employment of minors: rules and restrictions

During the holidays, teens often find various part-time jobs, which they later plan to combine with their studies. Despite the fact that work for students in Moscow is already a common occurrence, admission to the staff of schoolchildren is a rather delicate process, which has its own characteristics and pitfalls. We will conduct a small educational program on this complex topic.

Governing law

Employment of minors is regulated by the 42nd chapter of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and other related articles. According to them, people who have already reached the age of sixteen can be hired. In special cases, for the performance of light work that is not capable of causing harm to health, it is permissible to conclude an agreement with fifteen years, provided that the candidate has already completed training or continues it in a different form than full-time. With respect to fourteen-year-olds, the law states that work for adolescents is possible if consent is given from one of the parents (or from the trustee) in their free time from studies. As for participation in filming, theater performances and concert activities, there are no age restrictions, but there are a large number of specific rules regarding the organization of the process, which require strict observance.

Working conditions and restrictions

Employment of minors implies the issuance of an insurance certificate and a work book, which is regulated by article 66 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. In this case, the contract can be drawn up both as urgent for a certain period (for example, during the summer holidays), and as a standard termless. Before the age of 18, such employees must undergo an annual medical examination at the expense of the employing company. We list the main essential rules:

• it is forbidden to work on a rotational basis;
• a teenager cannot be dismissed solely on the initiative of the employer without the consent of the commission on minors and labor inspectorates;
• excluded the possibility of registration in combination;
• it is impossible to spell out full liability in the contract.

Among other things, legislation has identified areas in which the employment of minors is unacceptable. These include production with harmful and dangerous conditions for health and life - for example, underground work; as well as the chemical industry, metallurgy, mechanical engineering, gambling, night clubs, activities related to tobacco products and alcohol. The full list is quite extensive, and we recommend that you carefully study it. A separate paragraph specifies the duration of working time. It is, of course, reduced. Teenagers, before they are 16 years old, can work for a maximum of 24 hours during the week, but if they have reached this age, then it is already 35 hours. When combined with studies, standards are reduced by half. Moreover, one shift should not exceed 5 hours in 15-16 years and 7 hours in 16-18 years. So, the employment of minors requires increased care and a preliminary study of the legal framework relating to this issue. Remember that this is a big responsibility for you.